In ASP.NET Core 2.1 one of the security changes was related to how authorization filters work. In essence the filters are now combined, whereas previously they were not. This change in behavior is controlled via the AllowCombiningAuthorizeFilters on the MvcOptions, and also set with the new SetCompatabilityVersion API that you frequently see in the new templates.

Prior to 2.1 each authorization filter would run independently and all the authorization filters would need to succeed allow the user access to the action method. For example:

[Authorize(Roles = "role1", AuthenticationSchemes = "Cookie1")]
public class SecureController : Controller
{
    [Authorize(Roles = "role2", AuthenticationSchemes = "Cookie2")]
    public IActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }
}

The above code would trigger the first authorization filter and run “Cookie1” authentication, set the HttpContext’s User property with the resultant ClaimsPrincipal, and then check the claims for a role called “role1”…